{"id":47583,"date":"2026-04-01T09:47:51","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T09:47:51","guid":{"rendered":"\/fr\/tutoriels\/?p=47583"},"modified":"2026-04-01T09:47:53","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T09:47:53","slug":"commande-ls","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/fr\/tutoriels\/commande-ls\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment utiliser la commande Linux ls"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La commande <strong>ls<\/strong> r&eacute;pertorie les fichiers et les r&eacute;pertoires dans Linux et les syst&egrave;mes d&rsquo;exploitation de type Unix. C&rsquo;est un outil essentiel pour parcourir et g&eacute;rer des fichiers, qui vous permet d&rsquo;afficher, de trier et d&rsquo;organiser les informations sur les fichiers dans votre r&eacute;pertoire de travail actuel ou dans d&rsquo;autres emplacements sp&eacute;cifi&eacute;s.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cet utilitaire en ligne de commande convient bien aux d&eacute;butants, car il fournit des r&eacute;sultats simples avec seulement quelques frappes au clavier. Par ailleurs, les utilisateurs avanc&eacute;s tirent parti de sa capacit&eacute; &agrave; fournir des analyses d&eacute;taill&eacute;es en ajoutant des options suppl&eacute;mentaires.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans cet article, nous allons explorer la syntaxe de la commande <strong>ls<\/strong>, ses options courantes et des exemples pratiques. &Agrave; la fin de ce guide, vous serez en mesure d&rsquo;utiliser cette commande pour simplifier la gestion des fichiers et naviguer efficacement dans votre syst&egrave;me Linux.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-syntax-of-the-ls-command\">Syntaxe de la commande ls<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La syntaxe de base de la commande <strong>ls<\/strong> est :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls [options] [file\/directory]<\/pre><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>[options]<\/strong> &ndash; modifie le comportement de la commande ou le format de la sortie. Par exemple-l affiche une liste d&eacute;taill&eacute;e, tandis que <strong>-a<\/strong> inclut les fichiers cach&eacute;s.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>[file\/directory]<\/strong> &ndash; sp&eacute;cifie le chemin d&rsquo;un fichier ou d&rsquo;un r&eacute;pertoire pour en lister le contenu. Par exemple, <strong>ls \/home\/user\/Documents<\/strong> affiche le contenu du dossier <strong>Documents<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Par d&eacute;faut, l&rsquo;ex&eacute;cution de <strong>ls<\/strong> sans arguments ni options r&eacute;pertorie les fichiers et les r&eacute;pertoires de l&rsquo;emplacement courant dans un format compact.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-commonly-used-ls-command-options\">Options couramment utilis&eacute;es de la commande ls<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&Agrave; l&rsquo;instar d&rsquo;autres <a href=\"\/fr\/tutoriels\/commandes-linux\/\">commandes Linux<\/a> telles que <strong>cp<\/strong> ou <strong>mv<\/strong>, vous pouvez combiner <strong>ls<\/strong> avec diverses options pour modifier son comportement ou formater la sortie. Vous trouverez ci-dessous les options les plus couramment utilis&eacute;es :<\/p><figure tabindex=\"0\" class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Option<\/strong> <\/td><td><strong>Description.<\/strong> <\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-l<\/strong> <\/td><td>Affiche une liste d&eacute;taill&eacute;e des attributs de fichier, y compris les autorisations, la taille et l&rsquo;heure de modification.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-a<\/strong> <\/td><td>Inclut les fichiers cach&eacute;s, qui commencent par un point (<strong>.<\/strong>).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-h<\/strong> <\/td><td>Formate les tailles de fichier dans un format lisible par l&rsquo;&ecirc;tre humain, tel que <strong>Ko<\/strong> ou <strong>M<\/strong>o.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-R<\/strong> <\/td><td>R&eacute;pertorie le contenu des r&eacute;pertoires de mani&egrave;re r&eacute;cursive, y compris les sous-r&eacute;pertoires.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-t<\/strong> <\/td><td>Trie les fichiers par date de modification, en affichant les plus r&eacute;cemment modifi&eacute;s en premier.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-S<\/strong> <\/td><td>Trie les fichiers par taille, du plus grand au plus petit.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-r<\/strong> <\/td><td>Inverse l&rsquo;ordre de tri de toute autre option.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-F<\/strong> <\/td><td>Ajoute des symboles aux noms de fichiers pour indiquer les types de fichiers, par exemple <strong>\/<\/strong> pour les r&eacute;pertoires ou <strong>@<\/strong> pour les liens symboliques.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>&ndash;color<\/strong> <\/td><td>Ajoute des couleurs pour distinguer les types de fichiers et les permissions ; c&rsquo;est activ&eacute; par d&eacute;faut sur de nombreux syst&egrave;mes.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-d<\/strong> <\/td><td>R&eacute;pertorie uniquement les noms des r&eacute;pertoires sans afficher leur contenu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-i<\/strong> <\/td><td>Affiche le num&eacute;ro d&rsquo;inode de chaque fichier.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vous pouvez &eacute;galement combiner des options pour produire des r&eacute;sultats plus d&eacute;taill&eacute;s ou personnalis&eacute;s. Par exemple :<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ls -lah<\/strong> &ndash; liste tous les fichiers, y compris les fichiers cach&eacute;s, dans une vue d&eacute;taill&eacute;e avec des tailles lisibles par l&rsquo;homme.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ls -lR<\/strong> &ndash; affiche une vue d&eacute;taill&eacute;e des fichiers et des r&eacute;pertoires, y compris tous les sous-r&eacute;pertoires.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ls -ltSr<\/strong> &ndash; trie les fichiers par taille, affiche d&rsquo;abord les plus petits fichiers et les pr&eacute;sente dans une vue d&eacute;taill&eacute;e.<\/li>\n<\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-examples-of-using-the-ls-command\">Exemples d&rsquo;utilisation de la commande ls<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Avant d&rsquo;ex&eacute;cuter des commandes <strong>ls<\/strong>, ouvrez une fen&ecirc;tre de terminal sur votre machine Linux. Sur les ordinateurs locaux, utilisez le logiciel de terminal int&eacute;gr&eacute;.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si vous &ecirc;tes sur un serveur priv&eacute; virtuel (VPS), acc&eacute;dez au serveur &agrave; distance via SSH. Ouvrez votre terminal et connectez-vous au serveur avec la commande suivante, en rempla&ccedil;ant <strong>your_vps_ip<\/strong> par vos identifiants r&eacute;els :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ssh root@your_vps_ip<\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les clients <a href=\"\/fr\/vps-hosting\">VPS de Hostinger<\/a> peuvent trouver leurs identifiants SSH dans hPanel en acc&eacute;dant &agrave; <strong>VPS<\/strong> &rarr; <strong>G&eacute;rer<\/strong> &rarr; <strong>Aper&ccedil;u<\/strong> &rarr; <strong>D&eacute;tails du VPS<\/strong>.<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa10758c5\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa10758c5\" class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1064\" height=\"342\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/07\/informations-vps-actualise-04-23-2025_05_19_PM-04-23-2025_06_52_PM.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-39987\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/07\/informations-vps-actualise-04-23-2025_05_19_PM-04-23-2025_06_52_PM.png\/w=1064,fit=scale-down 1064w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/07\/informations-vps-actualise-04-23-2025_05_19_PM-04-23-2025_06_52_PM.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/07\/informations-vps-actualise-04-23-2025_05_19_PM-04-23-2025_06_52_PM.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/07\/informations-vps-actualise-04-23-2025_05_19_PM-04-23-2025_06_52_PM.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/07\/informations-vps-actualise-04-23-2025_05_19_PM-04-23-2025_06_52_PM.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1064px) 100vw, 1064px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les utilisateurs de Hostinger peuvent &eacute;galement utiliser notre fonctionnalit&eacute; de <strong>terminal dans le navigateur<\/strong> pour ex&eacute;cuter des commandes directement depuis un onglet du navigateur, &eacute;liminant la n&eacute;cessit&eacute; d&rsquo;une application de terminal distincte. Cliquez sur le bouton correspondant dans l&rsquo;angle sup&eacute;rieur droit du tableau de bord de votre VPS, et vous &ecirc;tes pr&ecirc;t &agrave; commencer.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/vps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/12\/FR-VPS-hosting_in-text-banner-1024x300-1.png\/public\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-41471\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/12\/FR-VPS-hosting_in-text-banner-1024x300-1.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/12\/FR-VPS-hosting_in-text-banner-1024x300-1.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/12\/FR-VPS-hosting_in-text-banner-1024x300-1.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/12\/FR-VPS-hosting_in-text-banner-1024x300-1.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-listing-files-in-the-current-directory\">Liste des fichiers du r&eacute;pertoire courant<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Commencez par ex&eacute;cuter la commande <strong>ls<\/strong> sans aucune option. Cette utilisation de base est parfaite pour la navigation dans les r&eacute;pertoires lorsque vous avez seulement besoin de voir le contenu visible du dossier actuel :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls<\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La sortie affiche les noms des fichiers et des r&eacute;pertoires par ordre alphab&eacute;tique, en excluant les informations suppl&eacute;mentaires comme la taille des fichiers ou la date de modification :<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa107951f\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa107951f\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"974\" height=\"128\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-du-terminal.png\/public\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47549\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-du-terminal.png\/w=974,fit=scale-down 974w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-du-terminal.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-du-terminal.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-du-terminal.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 974px) 100vw, 974px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><p>\n\n        <div class=\"protip\">\n            <div class=\"protip__heading\">\n                <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <path d=\"M1.49234 23.5024C1.23229 23.5024 0.972242 23.4024 0.782206 23.2123C0.562165 22.9923 0.452144 22.6822 0.502153 22.3722C0.562165 21.9221 1.14227 17.9113 3.00262 16.351C3.63274 15.8209 4.43289 15.5509 5.26305 15.5609C6.09321 15.5909 6.87335 15.9109 7.47347 16.4911C8.6937 17.6913 8.76371 19.6717 7.6435 20.9919C6.0832 22.8523 2.08245 23.4324 1.63237 23.4924C1.59236 23.4924 1.54235 23.4924 1.50234 23.4924L1.49234 23.5024ZM5.16303 17.5613C4.84297 17.5613 4.53291 17.6713 4.29287 17.8813C3.60274 18.4614 3.07264 19.9317 2.75258 21.242C4.06282 20.9219 5.5331 20.3918 6.11321 19.7017C6.55329 19.1716 6.54329 18.3814 6.0832 17.9213C5.85316 17.7013 5.5431 17.5713 5.20304 17.5613C5.19304 17.5613 5.17303 17.5613 5.16303 17.5613ZM11.7243 21.8821C11.4942 21.8821 11.2642 21.8021 11.0841 21.652C10.8541 21.462 10.7241 21.1819 10.7241 20.8819V15.9109L8.08358 13.2705H3.11264C2.81259 13.2705 2.53254 13.1404 2.3425 12.9104C2.15246 12.6803 2.07245 12.3803 2.12246 12.0902C2.19247 11.7102 2.84259 8.36953 4.70294 7.12929C6.33325 6.04909 8.96375 6.49918 10.244 6.80923C11.5442 4.96889 13.2546 3.4286 15.2349 2.33839C17.4553 1.11816 19.9858 0.518051 22.4963 0.498047C23.0464 0.498047 23.4865 0.948132 23.4865 1.49824C23.4865 5.0389 22.3763 9.97983 17.1753 13.7605C17.4853 15.0408 17.9354 17.6613 16.8552 19.2816C15.615 21.1419 12.2744 21.7921 11.8943 21.8621C11.8343 21.8721 11.7743 21.8821 11.7143 21.8821H11.7243ZM12.7245 16.181V19.6016C13.7146 19.2916 14.7948 18.7915 15.2049 18.1814C15.675 17.4812 15.605 16.091 15.385 14.9008C14.5248 15.3808 13.6346 15.8109 12.7245 16.181ZM9.66388 12.0302L11.9643 14.3307C13.1845 13.8306 14.3648 13.2204 15.485 12.5103C19.9358 9.51974 21.2361 5.60901 21.4561 2.53843C19.6157 2.67846 17.8254 3.20856 16.2051 4.09872C14.2847 5.14892 12.6544 6.68921 11.4942 8.54956C10.7841 9.65977 10.174 10.82 9.66388 12.0302ZM4.39289 11.2701H7.81353C8.1936 10.3599 8.63368 9.46974 9.11377 8.60957C7.92355 8.38953 6.51329 8.31952 5.81315 8.78961C5.19304 9.19968 4.70294 10.3099 4.39289 11.2701Z\" fill=\"#673DE6\"\/>\n                <\/svg>\n                <p class=\"protip__title\">\n                    &#128161; Astuce                <\/p>\n            <\/div>\n            <p class=\"protip__content\">Les clients VPS de Hostinger peuvent utiliser <strong>Kodee<\/strong>, notre assistant IA, pour r&eacute;pertorier les fichiers sur leur serveur. Demandez simplement : &laquo; Pouvez-vous lister tous les fichiers dans le r&eacute;pertoire <strong>racine<\/strong> de mon VPS ? &raquo; et Kodee r&eacute;pondra en cons&eacute;quence.<\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n        \n\n\n\n<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-listing-files-in-a-specific-directory\">Liste des fichiers dans un r&eacute;pertoire sp&eacute;cifique<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Outre l&rsquo;affichage des fichiers du r&eacute;pertoire actuel, la commande <strong>ls<\/strong> vous permet de pr&eacute;ciser un emplacement afin d&rsquo;en afficher le contenu. Cela &eacute;vite d&rsquo;avoir &agrave; acc&eacute;der d&rsquo;abord au dossier, ce qui aide &agrave; g&eacute;rer des structures de r&eacute;pertoires complexes.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vous pouvez utiliser un <strong>chemin absolu<\/strong>, qui commence &agrave; partir du r&eacute;pertoire racine (<strong>\/<\/strong>), comme dans l&rsquo;exemple suivant :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls \/home\/user\/Documents<\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lorsqu&rsquo;elle est ex&eacute;cut&eacute;e, la commande r&eacute;pertorie le contenu du dossier <strong>Documents<\/strong> dans <strong>\/home\/user<\/strong>, quel que soit votre r&eacute;pertoire de travail actuel.<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa107c73b\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa107c73b\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"61\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-home-utilisateur-documents-sortie.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls \/home\/user\/Documents dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47551\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-home-utilisateur-documents-sortie.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-home-utilisateur-documents-sortie.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-home-utilisateur-documents-sortie.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-home-utilisateur-documents-sortie.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sinon, un <strong>chemin relatif<\/strong> indique l&rsquo;emplacement par rapport &agrave; votre r&eacute;pertoire courant. Par exemple :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls .\/Projects<\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cela affiche le contenu du dossier <strong>Projects<\/strong> situ&eacute; dans votre r&eacute;pertoire de travail actuel.<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa107f436\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa107f436\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"105\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-projets-sortie.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls .\/Projects dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47553\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-projets-sortie.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-projets-sortie.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-projets-sortie.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-projets-sortie.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><p>\n\n        <div class=\"protip\">\n            <div class=\"protip__heading\">\n                <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <path d=\"M1.49234 23.5024C1.23229 23.5024 0.972242 23.4024 0.782206 23.2123C0.562165 22.9923 0.452144 22.6822 0.502153 22.3722C0.562165 21.9221 1.14227 17.9113 3.00262 16.351C3.63274 15.8209 4.43289 15.5509 5.26305 15.5609C6.09321 15.5909 6.87335 15.9109 7.47347 16.4911C8.6937 17.6913 8.76371 19.6717 7.6435 20.9919C6.0832 22.8523 2.08245 23.4324 1.63237 23.4924C1.59236 23.4924 1.54235 23.4924 1.50234 23.4924L1.49234 23.5024ZM5.16303 17.5613C4.84297 17.5613 4.53291 17.6713 4.29287 17.8813C3.60274 18.4614 3.07264 19.9317 2.75258 21.242C4.06282 20.9219 5.5331 20.3918 6.11321 19.7017C6.55329 19.1716 6.54329 18.3814 6.0832 17.9213C5.85316 17.7013 5.5431 17.5713 5.20304 17.5613C5.19304 17.5613 5.17303 17.5613 5.16303 17.5613ZM11.7243 21.8821C11.4942 21.8821 11.2642 21.8021 11.0841 21.652C10.8541 21.462 10.7241 21.1819 10.7241 20.8819V15.9109L8.08358 13.2705H3.11264C2.81259 13.2705 2.53254 13.1404 2.3425 12.9104C2.15246 12.6803 2.07245 12.3803 2.12246 12.0902C2.19247 11.7102 2.84259 8.36953 4.70294 7.12929C6.33325 6.04909 8.96375 6.49918 10.244 6.80923C11.5442 4.96889 13.2546 3.4286 15.2349 2.33839C17.4553 1.11816 19.9858 0.518051 22.4963 0.498047C23.0464 0.498047 23.4865 0.948132 23.4865 1.49824C23.4865 5.0389 22.3763 9.97983 17.1753 13.7605C17.4853 15.0408 17.9354 17.6613 16.8552 19.2816C15.615 21.1419 12.2744 21.7921 11.8943 21.8621C11.8343 21.8721 11.7743 21.8821 11.7143 21.8821H11.7243ZM12.7245 16.181V19.6016C13.7146 19.2916 14.7948 18.7915 15.2049 18.1814C15.675 17.4812 15.605 16.091 15.385 14.9008C14.5248 15.3808 13.6346 15.8109 12.7245 16.181ZM9.66388 12.0302L11.9643 14.3307C13.1845 13.8306 14.3648 13.2204 15.485 12.5103C19.9358 9.51974 21.2361 5.60901 21.4561 2.53843C19.6157 2.67846 17.8254 3.20856 16.2051 4.09872C14.2847 5.14892 12.6544 6.68921 11.4942 8.54956C10.7841 9.65977 10.174 10.82 9.66388 12.0302ZM4.39289 11.2701H7.81353C8.1936 10.3599 8.63368 9.46974 9.11377 8.60957C7.92355 8.38953 6.51329 8.31952 5.81315 8.78961C5.19304 9.19968 4.70294 10.3099 4.39289 11.2701Z\" fill=\"#673DE6\"\/>\n                <\/svg>\n                <p class=\"protip__title\">\n                    Astuce                <\/p>\n            <\/div>\n            <p class=\"protip__content\">Le point (<strong>.<\/strong>) fait r&eacute;f&eacute;rence au r&eacute;pertoire actuel. Par exemple, <strong>ls .\/<\/strong> r&eacute;pertorie explicitement le contenu du r&eacute;pertoire courant. Par ailleurs, les deux points (<strong>..<\/strong>) renvoient au r&eacute;pertoire parent (un niveau au-dessus). Par exemple, <strong>ls ..\/<\/strong> affiche le contenu du r&eacute;pertoire parent.<\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n        \n\n\n\n<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-using-ls-for-a-detailed-view-of-file-attributes\">Utiliser ls pour une vue d&eacute;taill&eacute;e des attributs de fichiers<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La commande <strong>ls<\/strong> fournit plus que de simples noms de fichiers ; vous pouvez l&rsquo;utiliser pour afficher des informations d&eacute;taill&eacute;es sur les fichiers et les r&eacute;pertoires en ajoutant l&rsquo;option <strong>-l<\/strong> :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls -l<\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le format long inclut les attributs de fichier suivants :<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Autorisations de fichier<\/strong> &ndash; indique les autorisations de &laquo; lecture &raquo;, &laquo; &eacute;criture &raquo; et &laquo; ex&eacute;cution &raquo; pour le propri&eacute;taire ou le groupe du fichier, affich&eacute;es dans un format tel que <strong>-rw-r&ndash;r&ndash;<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nombre de liens<\/strong> &ndash; indique le nombre de liens durs vers le fichier ou le r&eacute;pertoire.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Propri&eacute;taire<\/strong> &ndash; affiche le nom d&rsquo;utilisateur du propri&eacute;taire du fichier.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Groupe<\/strong> &ndash; affiche le groupe auquel appartient le fichier.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Taille du fichier<\/strong> &ndash; affiche la taille du fichier en <strong>octets<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Date de modification<\/strong> &ndash; indique la derni&egrave;re fois que le fichier a &eacute;t&eacute; modifi&eacute;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nom du fichier<\/strong> &ndash; indique le nom du fichier ou du r&eacute;pertoire.<\/li>\n<\/ul><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voici ce que la commande pourrait afficher :<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa1082271\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa1082271\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"107\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-l-sortie-1.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls -l dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47555\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-l-sortie-1.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-l-sortie-1.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-l-sortie-1.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-l-sortie-1.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette sortie indique que<strong> example.txt<\/strong> appartient &agrave; l&rsquo;utilisateur <strong>root<\/strong>, appartient au groupe <strong>developers<\/strong>, mesure <strong>2635 octets<\/strong> et a &eacute;t&eacute; modifi&eacute; pour la derni&egrave;re fois le 15 janvier &agrave; 00 :46.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-listing-hidden-files\">Affichage des fichiers cach&eacute;s<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour afficher les fichiers cach&eacute;s sous Linux, ex&eacute;cutez la commande <strong>ls -a<\/strong>. Cela affiche tous les fichiers et r&eacute;pertoires, y compris les &eacute;l&eacute;ments cach&eacute;s. C&rsquo;est pratique lorsque vous travaillez avec des fichiers de configuration ou que vous d&eacute;pannez des fichiers syst&egrave;me cach&eacute;s.<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls -a<\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lorsqu&rsquo;elle est ex&eacute;cut&eacute;e, la commande r&eacute;pertorie tous les fichiers et r&eacute;pertoires, y compris les entr&eacute;es sp&eacute;ciales comme <strong>.<\/strong> (r&eacute;pertoire courant) et <strong>.<\/strong> (r&eacute;pertoire parent).<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa10851d7\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa10851d7\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"105\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-de-ls-a-dans-le-terminal.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls -a dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47557\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-de-ls-a-dans-le-terminal.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-de-ls-a-dans-le-terminal.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-de-ls-a-dans-le-terminal.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-de-ls-a-dans-le-terminal.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si vous souhaitez exclure ces entr&eacute;es sp&eacute;ciales tout en affichant les autres fichiers cach&eacute;s, ajoutez l&rsquo;option <strong>-A<\/strong> &agrave; la place :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls -A<\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cela rend la sortie plus propre, comme illustr&eacute; ci-dessous :<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa10880da\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa10880da\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"111\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-a-sortie-en-majuscules.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls -A dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47559\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-a-sortie-en-majuscules.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-a-sortie-en-majuscules.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-a-sortie-en-majuscules.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-a-sortie-en-majuscules.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sorting-files-by-size-or-time\">Tri des fichiers par taille ou par date<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le tri des fichiers vous aide &agrave; identifier rapidement les fichiers les plus volumineux ou les plus r&eacute;cemment modifi&eacute;s. Utilisez <strong>ls<\/strong> avec l&rsquo;option <strong>-S<\/strong> pour trier les fichiers par taille, en affichant d&rsquo;abord les plus volumineux :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls -S<\/pre><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa108b0c6\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa108b0c6\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"90\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-s-du-terminal.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls -S dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-s-du-terminal.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-s-du-terminal.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-s-du-terminal.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-s-du-terminal.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Par ailleurs, l&rsquo;option <strong>-t<\/strong> trie les fichiers par date de modification et affiche en premier les plus r&eacute;cemment modifi&eacute;s :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls -t<\/pre><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa108e8cd\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa108e8cd\" class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"87\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-t-du-terminal.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls -t dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47563\" style=\"width:640px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-t-du-terminal.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-t-du-terminal.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-t-du-terminal.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-t-du-terminal.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><p>\n\n        <div class=\"protip\">\n            <div class=\"protip__heading\">\n                <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <path d=\"M1.49234 23.5024C1.23229 23.5024 0.972242 23.4024 0.782206 23.2123C0.562165 22.9923 0.452144 22.6822 0.502153 22.3722C0.562165 21.9221 1.14227 17.9113 3.00262 16.351C3.63274 15.8209 4.43289 15.5509 5.26305 15.5609C6.09321 15.5909 6.87335 15.9109 7.47347 16.4911C8.6937 17.6913 8.76371 19.6717 7.6435 20.9919C6.0832 22.8523 2.08245 23.4324 1.63237 23.4924C1.59236 23.4924 1.54235 23.4924 1.50234 23.4924L1.49234 23.5024ZM5.16303 17.5613C4.84297 17.5613 4.53291 17.6713 4.29287 17.8813C3.60274 18.4614 3.07264 19.9317 2.75258 21.242C4.06282 20.9219 5.5331 20.3918 6.11321 19.7017C6.55329 19.1716 6.54329 18.3814 6.0832 17.9213C5.85316 17.7013 5.5431 17.5713 5.20304 17.5613C5.19304 17.5613 5.17303 17.5613 5.16303 17.5613ZM11.7243 21.8821C11.4942 21.8821 11.2642 21.8021 11.0841 21.652C10.8541 21.462 10.7241 21.1819 10.7241 20.8819V15.9109L8.08358 13.2705H3.11264C2.81259 13.2705 2.53254 13.1404 2.3425 12.9104C2.15246 12.6803 2.07245 12.3803 2.12246 12.0902C2.19247 11.7102 2.84259 8.36953 4.70294 7.12929C6.33325 6.04909 8.96375 6.49918 10.244 6.80923C11.5442 4.96889 13.2546 3.4286 15.2349 2.33839C17.4553 1.11816 19.9858 0.518051 22.4963 0.498047C23.0464 0.498047 23.4865 0.948132 23.4865 1.49824C23.4865 5.0389 22.3763 9.97983 17.1753 13.7605C17.4853 15.0408 17.9354 17.6613 16.8552 19.2816C15.615 21.1419 12.2744 21.7921 11.8943 21.8621C11.8343 21.8721 11.7743 21.8821 11.7143 21.8821H11.7243ZM12.7245 16.181V19.6016C13.7146 19.2916 14.7948 18.7915 15.2049 18.1814C15.675 17.4812 15.605 16.091 15.385 14.9008C14.5248 15.3808 13.6346 15.8109 12.7245 16.181ZM9.66388 12.0302L11.9643 14.3307C13.1845 13.8306 14.3648 13.2204 15.485 12.5103C19.9358 9.51974 21.2361 5.60901 21.4561 2.53843C19.6157 2.67846 17.8254 3.20856 16.2051 4.09872C14.2847 5.14892 12.6544 6.68921 11.4942 8.54956C10.7841 9.65977 10.174 10.82 9.66388 12.0302ZM4.39289 11.2701H7.81353C8.1936 10.3599 8.63368 9.46974 9.11377 8.60957C7.92355 8.38953 6.51329 8.31952 5.81315 8.78961C5.19304 9.19968 4.70294 10.3099 4.39289 11.2701Z\" fill=\"#673DE6\"\/>\n                <\/svg>\n                <p class=\"protip__title\">\n                    Astuce pro                <\/p>\n            <\/div>\n            <p class=\"protip__content\">Pour afficher des d&eacute;tails suppl&eacute;mentaires comme les permissions de fichier et la taille lors du tri, combinez ces options avec <strong>-l<\/strong>. Par exemple, utilisez <strong>ls -lS<\/strong> pour trier par taille ou <strong>ls -lt<\/strong> pour trier par date de modification.<\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n        \n\n\n\n<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-combining-options\">Combinaison des options<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La commande <strong>ls<\/strong> devient encore plus puissante lorsque vous combinez plusieurs options. Cette approche fait gagner du temps et fournit des r&eacute;sultats plus d&eacute;taill&eacute;s ou plus cibl&eacute;s. Voici quelques exemples :<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ls -lAh<\/strong> &ndash; r&eacute;pertorie tous les fichiers, y compris les fichiers cach&eacute;s, au format long avec les tailles de fichiers affich&eacute;es en <strong>Ko<\/strong>, <strong>Mo<\/strong> ou <strong>Go<\/strong> :<\/li>\n<\/ul><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa10918ac\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa10918ac\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"537\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-lah-sortie.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls -lAh dans le terminal\n\" class=\"wp-image-47565\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-lah-sortie.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-lah-sortie.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-lah-sortie.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-lah-sortie.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ls -ltSr<\/strong> &ndash; affiche une vue d&eacute;taill&eacute;e des fichiers tri&eacute;s par taille (du plus petit au plus grand), puis par date de modification :<\/li>\n<\/ul><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa1094b4b\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa1094b4b\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"324\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-ltsr-du-terminal.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls -ltSr dans le terminal\n\" class=\"wp-image-47567\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-ltsr-du-terminal.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-ltsr-du-terminal.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-ltsr-du-terminal.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-ls-ltsr-du-terminal.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ls -Rla<\/strong> &ndash; affiche tous les fichiers, y compris les fichiers cach&eacute;s, de mani&egrave;re r&eacute;cursive &agrave; travers les sous-r&eacute;pertoires, en affichant l&rsquo;arborescence des dossiers dans un format d&eacute;taill&eacute; :<\/li>\n<\/ul><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa1097853\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa1097853\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"849\" height=\"1024\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-rla-sortie-1.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls -Rla dans le terminal\n\" class=\"wp-image-47568\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-rla-sortie-1.png\/w=849,fit=scale-down 849w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-rla-sortie-1.png\/w=249,fit=scale-down 249w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-rla-sortie-1.png\/w=124,fit=scale-down 124w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-rla-sortie-1.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 849px) 100vw, 849px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-using-ls-in-scripts-for-automation\">Utilisation de ls dans des scripts pour l&rsquo;automatisation<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Associer la commande <strong>ls<\/strong> &agrave; des techniques de script shell vous permet d&rsquo;automatiser des t&acirc;ches r&eacute;p&eacute;titives comme le traitement de fichiers par lots, la surveillance du syst&egrave;me ou la g&eacute;n&eacute;ration de rapports.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voici un simple script bash pour trouver et r&eacute;pertorier les fichiers de plus de <strong>1 Mo<\/strong> dans un r&eacute;pertoire, tri&eacute;s par taille :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#!\/bin\/bash\n\n# R&eacute;pertoire &agrave; analyser\n\ndirectory=\"\/path\/to\/directory\"\n\n# Lister les fichiers de plus de 1 Mo au format long, tri&eacute;s par taille\n\necho \"Files larger than 1 MB in $directory:\"\n\nls -lS \"$directory\" | awk '$5 &gt; 1048576 {print $0}'<\/pre><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>awk &lsquo;$5 &gt; 1048576 {print $0}&rsquo; <\/strong> &ndash; filtre les fichiers de plus de <strong>1 Mo<\/strong> (<strong>1 Mo<\/strong> = <strong>1048576<\/strong> <strong>octets<\/strong>) et affiche leurs d&eacute;tails.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>directory=&rdquo;\/path\/to\/directory&rdquo;<\/strong> &ndash; Sp&eacute;cifie le r&eacute;pertoire &agrave; analyser ; dans cet exemple, c&rsquo;est <strong>\/path\/to\/directory<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un autre exemple g&eacute;n&egrave;re un rapport au format texte de tous les fichiers cach&eacute;s dans un r&eacute;pertoire :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#!\/bin\/bash\n\n# R&eacute;pertoire &agrave; analyser\n\ndirectory=\"\/path\/to\/directory\"\n\n# Fichier de sortie\n\noutput_file=\"hidden_files_report.txt\"\n\n# G&eacute;n&eacute;rez un rapport des fichiers cach&eacute;s\n\necho \"Generating hidden files report for $directory...\"\n\nls -la \"$directory\" | grep \"^\\.\" &gt; \"$output_file\"\n\necho \"Report saved to $output_file.\"<\/pre><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa109aab7\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa109aab7\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"383\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-nano-myscript-sh.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"Le script bash myscript.sh dans le terminal\n\" class=\"wp-image-47569\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-nano-myscript-sh.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-nano-myscript-sh.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-nano-myscript-sh.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-nano-myscript-sh.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>grep &ldquo;^\\.&rdquo;<\/strong> &ndash; filtre les entr&eacute;es qui commencent par un point (<strong>.<\/strong>), indiquant des fichiers cach&eacute;s.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>output_file= &ldquo;hidden_files_report.txt&rdquo;<\/strong> &ndash; enregistre la sortie dans <strong>hidden_files_report.txt<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-viewing-symbolic-links-and-file-types\">Affichage des liens symboliques et des types de fichiers<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La commande <strong>ls<\/strong> peut &eacute;galement aider &agrave; distinguer les <a href=\"\/fr\/tutoriels\/comment-creer-un-lien-symbolique-sous-linux\/\">liens symboliques<\/a> et les diff&eacute;rents types de fichiers. Utilisez l&rsquo;option <strong>-F<\/strong> pour ajouter des symboles &agrave; la fin des noms de fichiers, qui indiquent leur type :<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\/<\/strong> &ndash; r&eacute;pertoire.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>@<\/strong> &ndash; lien symbolique.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>*<\/strong> &ndash; fichier ex&eacute;cutable.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>=<\/strong> &ndash; socket.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>|<\/strong> &ndash; FIFO (tube nomm&eacute;).<\/li>\n<\/ul><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls -F<\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La sortie ressemblera &agrave; ceci :<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa109d84b\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa109d84b\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"104\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-de-ls-f-dans-le-terminal.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls -F dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47572\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-de-ls-f-dans-le-terminal.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-de-ls-f-dans-le-terminal.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-de-ls-f-dans-le-terminal.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/sortie-de-ls-f-dans-le-terminal.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sorting-files-by-extension-or-name\">Tri des fichiers par extension ou par nom<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trier les fichiers par extension ou par nom est un moyen pratique d&rsquo;organiser et de retrouver des types de fichiers sp&eacute;cifiques au sein d&rsquo;un r&eacute;pertoire.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Utilisez l&rsquo;option <strong>&ndash;sort=extension<\/strong> pour regrouper les fichiers par leur extension. C&rsquo;est pratique pour les r&eacute;pertoires contenant un m&eacute;lange de formats de fichiers, comme <strong>TXT<\/strong> ou <strong>JPG<\/strong>. Par exemple :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls --sort=extension<\/pre><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa10a03a5\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa10a03a5\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"83\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-tri-extension-sortie.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls --sort=extension dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47574\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-tri-extension-sortie.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-tri-extension-sortie.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-tri-extension-sortie.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-tri-extension-sortie.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Par d&eacute;faut, <strong>ls<\/strong> trie les fichiers par ordre alphab&eacute;tique selon leur nom. Pour inverser le tri, ajoutez l&rsquo;option -r :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls -r<\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vous pouvez &eacute;galement combiner <strong>&ndash;sort=extension <\/strong>avec <strong>-r<\/strong> pour lister les fichiers par extension dans l&rsquo;ordre inverse :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls --sort=extension -r<\/pre><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa10a324f\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa10a324f\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"85\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-trier-extension-r-sortie.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls --sort=extension -r dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-trier-extension-r-sortie.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-trier-extension-r-sortie.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-trier-extension-r-sortie.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-trier-extension-r-sortie.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-using-ls-with-wildcards\">Utilisation de ls avec des caract&egrave;res g&eacute;n&eacute;riques<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La commande <strong>ls<\/strong> prend en charge les caract&egrave;res g&eacute;n&eacute;riques, ce qui vous permet de lister les fichiers et les r&eacute;pertoires correspondant &agrave; des motifs de noms ou &agrave; des types de fichiers sp&eacute;cifiques. Cela vous aide &agrave; localiser rapidement les fichiers dont vous avez besoin dans un r&eacute;pertoire.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voici quelques caract&egrave;res g&eacute;n&eacute;riques courants et leurs exemples :<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ast&eacute;risque (*)<\/strong> &ndash; correspond &agrave; z&eacute;ro ou plusieurs caract&egrave;res dans un nom de fichier.<\/li>\n<\/ul><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls *.txt<\/pre><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Point d&rsquo;interrogation (?)<\/strong> &ndash; correspond exactement &agrave; un caract&egrave;re dans un nom de fichier.<\/li>\n<\/ul><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls file?.jpg<\/pre><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Crochets ([ ])<\/strong> &ndash; correspondent &agrave; tout caract&egrave;re unique &agrave; l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur des crochets. Vous pouvez &eacute;galement sp&eacute;cifier une plage de caract&egrave;res.<\/li>\n<\/ul><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls file[1-3].txt\n\nls file[a-c].txt<\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vous pouvez combiner des caract&egrave;res g&eacute;n&eacute;riques pour cr&eacute;er des motifs plus complexes. Par exemple, pour lister tous les fichiers image dans un r&eacute;pertoire :<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls *.jpg *.png<\/pre><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa10a631a\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa10a631a\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1094\" height=\"150\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-jpg-png-sortie2.png\/public\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls *.jpg *.png dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47578\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-jpg-png-sortie2.png\/w=1094,fit=scale-down 1094w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-jpg-png-sortie2.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-jpg-png-sortie2.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-jpg-png-sortie2.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-jpg-png-sortie2.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1094px) 100vw, 1094px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ou, pour lister les fichiers dont le nom comporte deux caract&egrave;res suivis de n&rsquo;importe quelle extension :<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ls ??.*<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa10a8e49\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa10a8e49\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"844\" height=\"152\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-jpg-png-sortie-2.png\/public\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls ?.* dans le terminal\n\" class=\"wp-image-47580\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-jpg-png-sortie-2.png\/w=844,fit=scale-down 844w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-jpg-png-sortie-2.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-jpg-png-sortie-2.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-jpg-png-sortie-2.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-displaying-inode-numbers\">Affichage des num&eacute;ros d&rsquo;inode<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chaque fichier et r&eacute;pertoire sous Linux poss&egrave;de un identifiant unique appel&eacute; num&eacute;ro d&rsquo;inode, qui stocke des m&eacute;tadonn&eacute;es telles que la taille du fichier, ses permissions, son propri&eacute;taire et son emplacement sur le disque.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour afficher les num&eacute;ros d&rsquo;inode &agrave; c&ocirc;t&eacute; des noms de fichiers, ex&eacute;cutez la commande Linux <strong>ls<\/strong> avec l&rsquo;option <strong>-i <\/strong>:<\/p><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ls -i<\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vous devriez voir quelque chose comme ceci :<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a80fa10abd0c\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a80fa10abd0c\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"203\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-i-sortie-2.png\/w=1024,h=1024,fit=scale-down\" alt=\"La sortie de la commande ls -i dans le terminal\" class=\"wp-image-47582\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-i-sortie-2.png\/w=1024,fit=scale-down 1024w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-i-sortie-2.png\/w=300,fit=scale-down 300w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-i-sortie-2.png\/w=150,fit=scale-down 150w, https:\/\/imagedelivery.net\/LqiWLm-3MGbYHtFuUbcBtA\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2026\/03\/terminal-ls-i-sortie-2.png\/w=768,fit=scale-down 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" data-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ici, <strong>12884901889<\/strong> et <strong>12884901890<\/strong> sont les num&eacute;ros d&rsquo;inode de <strong>file1.txt<\/strong> et <strong>file2.txt<\/strong>, respectivement.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conclusion\">Conclusion<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La commande <strong>ls<\/strong> est un outil essentiel pour afficher les fichiers et les dossiers sous Linux. Dans cet article, nous avons explor&eacute; sa syntaxe, les options couramment utilis&eacute;es et des exemples illustratifs, tels que le tri des fichiers, l&rsquo;affichage des fichiers cach&eacute;s et l&rsquo;identification des liens symboliques ou des num&eacute;ros d&rsquo;inode.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vous pouvez &eacute;galement exp&eacute;rimenter plusieurs options pour cr&eacute;er des r&eacute;sultats personnalis&eacute;s, combiner <strong>ls <\/strong>avec des caract&egrave;res g&eacute;n&eacute;riques pour filtrer des types de fichiers sp&eacute;cifiques ou utiliser des scripts bash pour automatiser des t&acirc;ches.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En ma&icirc;trisant ces techniques, vous pouvez exploiter tout le potentiel de la commande <strong>ls<\/strong> pour traiter les t&acirc;ches de gestion des fichiers sur votre syst&egrave;me Linux. Si vous avez des questions sur la commande <strong>ls<\/strong>, n&rsquo;h&eacute;sitez pas &agrave; les poser dans la section des commentaires ci-dessous !<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ls-command-faq\">FAQ sur la commande ls<\/h2><div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1775035900815\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Que fait la commande ls sous Linux ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>La commande&nbsp;<strong>ls<\/strong>&nbsp;liste les fichiers et les r&eacute;pertoires dans le r&eacute;pertoire de travail actuel ou &agrave; un emplacement sp&eacute;cifi&eacute;. En ajoutant des options, il peut &eacute;galement trier ou filtrer le contenu et afficher des attributs de fichier d&eacute;taill&eacute;s, tels que les autorisations, la taille et les dates de modification.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1775035901387\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Comment lister les fichiers cach&eacute;s avec ls ?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Pour r&eacute;pertorier les fichiers cach&eacute;s sous Linux, utilisez la commande&nbsp;<strong>ls -a<\/strong>. Il affiche tous les fichiers, y compris les fichiers cach&eacute;s ou ceux qui commencent par un point (<strong>.<\/strong>). Pour un affichage plus &eacute;pur&eacute;, qui exclut les entr&eacute;es&nbsp;<strong>.<\/strong>&nbsp;(r&eacute;pertoire courant) et&nbsp;<strong>.<\/strong>&nbsp;(r&eacute;pertoire parent), utilisez plut&ocirc;t l&rsquo;option&nbsp;<strong>-A<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1775035902336\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Puis-je lister les fichiers dans l&rsquo;ordre inverse avec ls ?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Oui, vous pouvez lister les fichiers dans l&rsquo;ordre inverse avec l&rsquo;option&nbsp;<strong>-r<\/strong>. Combinez-le avec d&rsquo;autres options, comme&nbsp;<strong>-t<\/strong>&nbsp;pour inverser le tri bas&eacute; sur le temps ou&nbsp;<strong>&ndash;sort=extension<\/strong>&nbsp;pour inverser le tri par extension, pour des r&eacute;sultats plus adapt&eacute;s.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La commande ls r&eacute;pertorie les fichiers et les r&eacute;pertoires dans Linux et les syst&egrave;mes d&rsquo;exploitation de type Unix. C&rsquo;est un outil essentiel pour parcourir et g&eacute;rer des fichiers, qui vous permet d&rsquo;afficher, de trier et d&rsquo;organiser les informations sur les fichiers dans votre r&eacute;pertoire de travail actuel ou dans d&rsquo;autres emplacements sp&eacute;cifi&eacute;s. Cet utilitaire en [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"\/fr\/tutoriels\/commande-ls\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":190,"featured_media":47546,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_title":"Comment utiliser la commande ls sous Linux","rank_math_description":"La commande ls liste fichiers et dossiers sous Linux. D\u00e9couvrez sa syntaxe, ses options et ses cas d\u2019usage pratiques.","rank_math_focus_keyword":"commande ls","footnotes":""},"categories":[5877,5845],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-surveillance-et-securite","category-vps"],"hreflangs":[{"locale":"en-US","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/tutorials\/ls-command","default":0},{"locale":"fr-FR","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/commande-ls\/","default":0},{"locale":"es-ES","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/es\/tutoriales\/comando-ls\/","default":0},{"locale":"en-PH","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/ph\/tutorials\/ls-command","default":0},{"locale":"en-MY","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/my\/tutorials\/ls-command","default":0},{"locale":"en-GB","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/uk\/tutorials\/ls-command","default":0},{"locale":"en-IN","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/in\/tutorials\/ls-command","default":0},{"locale":"en-CA","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/ca\/tutorials\/ls-command","default":0},{"locale":"en-AU","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/au\/tutorials\/ls-command","default":0},{"locale":"en-NG","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/ng\/tutorials\/ls-command","default":0},{"locale":"es-AR","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/ar\/tutoriales\/comando-ls\/","default":0},{"locale":"es-MX","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/mx\/tutoriales\/comando-ls\/","default":0},{"locale":"es-CO","link":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/co\/tutoriales\/comando-ls\/","default":0}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47583","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/190"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47583"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47583\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":47665,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47583\/revisions\/47665"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/47546"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47583"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47583"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostinger.com\/fr\/tutoriels\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47583"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}